mechanism may have been an early personal computer, as its door contained at least two thousand characters, composing what researchers have referred to as an instruction manual. Its attachment to the mechanism implied that it was designed for ease of transport and personal use. Studies in 2011 determined that the mechanism is an astronomical calculator whose tiny gears can track celestial bodies. A system of thirty-seven hand-cranked interlocking dials keep track of the day of the year, the positions of the sun and the moon and perhaps other planets, as well as predicting eclipses. Cardiff University professor Michael Edmunds, who headed a recent study of the mechanism, stated, “This device is just extraordinary, the only thing of its kind. The design is beautiful, the astronomy is exactly right. The way the mechanics are designed just makes your jaw drop. Whoever has done this has done it extremely carefully … in terms of historic and scarcity value, I have to regard this mechanism as being more valuable than the Mona Lisa.”
A five-inch-tall terra-cotta vessel containing a copper cylinder with an iron rod inside, discovered in an Iraqi village and dating from at least 220 BC turned out to be nothing less than a battery. When grape juice, lemon juice, or vinegar was added to this and other similar objects, which have become known as the Baghdad batteries, it became an acidic electrolyte solution that produced a half volt of electricity that may have been used for electroplating gold and silver. Since to acknowledge the battery’s use for electroplating at so early a time would upset conventional history, this theory has been largely dismissed by modern scientists. Paul Craddock of the British Museum explained, “The examples we see from this region and era are conventional gild plating and mercury gilding. There’s never been any untouchable evidence to support the electroplating theory.” But as pointed out by Marjorie Senechal, a professor of the history of science and technology at Smith College, “I don’t think anyone can say for sure what they were used for, but they may have been batteries because they do work.”
Carvings located twenty-five feet above the floor in the ancient Temple of Seti I in Abydos, Egypt, resemble nothing less than two jet airplanes, possibly a submarine, and an Apache attack helicopter. Their presence has been noted by recent travelers and reportedly was mentioned in an 1842 report, yet no one knows what they truly represent. Researchers have wondered if the carvings in Seti’s temple might be connected to small delta-wing “jet planes” still on display in the Gold Museum in Bogotá, Colombia. The diminutive models, estimated to be at least 1,500 years old, have been explained away as stylized bees or flying fish, but no one has explained the presence of both horizontal and vertical tail fins, not found on any animal.
In August 1997, two German researchers, Peter Belting and Conrad Lübbers, tested a scale model of one of the gold Bogotá “jets” to determine whether it demonstrated true flight characteristics. Dubbing their 1:16 scale model Goldflyer II, they attached a jet engine at the rear, which theoretically allowed room for three passengers in the front. Did it fly? According to journalist Philip Coppens, a frequent contributor to Nexus and Atlantis Rising magazines ,
The proof is in the demonstration, and in this case, the proof is there: Goldflyer II behaved impeccably, its landings being a thing of beauty. It is impressive to see enthusiasts take this approach and demonstrate their case—no one can argue with the flight capabilities of the “insect” as it is. This is what the model looks like, and this is how it flies. But the definitive answer is still in the future. In my opinion, [the German experimenters] have been able to demonstrate that the artifact is not an insect. At the moment, they have only been able to prove it is an anomaly, an
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